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Bed Bugs Bed bugs are pros at hiding, making them tough for us to find, but not for dogs! With their amazing noses, dogs can sniff out even a single bed bug, and they can even tell the difference between live bugs with active eggs and dead ones. Their small size and agility let them explore spots we’d never think to check, like electrical outlets, stuffed animals, carpets, or deep in the bedsprings. Once a dog detects bed bugs, a trained exterminator can double-check the area and handle the infestation. Training dogs for bed bug detection has become a popular, natural way to tackle pests. The only U.S. facility accredited for this training is the National Entomology Scent Detection Canine Association (NESDCA), where dogs and handlers learn together to make a top-notch team. (credit: https://naturaldogcompany.com ) Diabetes Assist Dogs Diabetes Assist Dogs are life-savers for people with diabetes. These dogs are trained to pick up on a specific scent in the air when their person’s blood sugar is dropping fast. They’ll “alert” their person by nudging or pawing to let them know it’s time to check their levels and eat something to avoid hypoglycemia. These dogs can even be trained to bring juice or glucose tablets, grab a phone, or get help from someone nearby. They wear a special backpack with pockets for medical info, emergency contacts, and sugar sources. If someone finds their person acting oddly or unconscious, this backpack shows it might be a medical emergency and helps them know what to do. (credit: https://can-do-canines.org/our-dogs/ourdogs/diabetes-assist-dogs/ ) Whale Poop From street dogs to whale poop hunters! In 2001, researcher Sam Wasser realized that while human researchers could smell whale poop on the ocean surface, they couldn’t always find it. So, he thought, why not use detection dogs? That’s when Fargo, a Rottweiler, joined the team to help scientist Roz Rolland locate whale scat for her research on whale health and reproduction. Since then, other street dogs, like Tucker, have joined the crew. Tucker, a lovable mutt found wandering Seattle, might be nervous around kids, but he’s a superstar in the field, sniffing out samples to help study and protect marine life. Read more about Tucker´s story here: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/meet-dogs-sniffing-out-whale-poop-science-180958050/#s6R5L9sKTDK6QlkK.99 No single breed is best for this job. The crew includes everything from cattle dogs and shepherd mixes to even a Chihuahua mix. But they all have a few things in common: they’re energetic, love playing ball, and work seamlessly with their handlers, who are by their side 24/7. DVD Detection Lucky and Flo, two black Labradors, made history as the first dogs trained to detect optical discs by scent! Sponsored by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), these dogs help find DVDs, especially in places where counterfeit DVDs are common. While they can’t tell if a disc is fake or real, their nose for polycarbonate discs helps law enforcement find DVDs hidden in places like shipping hubs and warehouses. They even assisted in Malaysia, where they successfully sniffed out a bootleg DVD operation and became so famous that DVD pirates reportedly put a bounty on them! (Credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucky_and_Flo ) Cancer Detection Dogs are also stepping up in the fight against cancer. Studies show that certain cancers, like lung and breast cancer, have a unique smell detectable by humans—but only in later stages. Dogs, however, can detect these smells early on, which could mean lifesaving intervention. These “cancer-sniffing” dogs are giving people hope by helping spot cancer before it’s too late, leading to early intervention and possibly a lifesaving discovery.

What’s the Difference Between Tracking and Mantrailing? There’s definitely a difference between tracking and Mantrailing! Tracking, like what’s used in IPO training, is a learned skill that’s all about following ground disturbances. I’ve trained Rottweilers, Australian Shepherds, and my Malinois for IPO tracking which means showing them that ground disturbance (grass or ploughed field) is rewarding. It is preferable that the dog puts his/her nose in every single footstep. Tracking dogs are mainly judged on how intense they search the track ("deep nose" etc) and if they indicate all the articles that are on the track. He/she needs to stay on the track at all times and if not, will loose points at competition level. For more on IPO standards, check out the link here . On the other hand, Mantrailing is a bit more flexible, using whatever means necessary to find their Trail Layer, whether that's through ground scent or air scent. When we’re trailing, we don’t expect the dog to be exactly 'on the trail' since, honestly, we don't know where exactly this trail is, simply because we can't see it...only the dog knows that! The dog may follow different from where we 'think' the trail is because of environmental factors and scent movement, and that’s okay. What matters is that the dog collects enough information to find the target as quickly as possible. In Mantrailing, the handler’s role is to learn to read their dog and communicate as a team, interpreting the information the dog is collecting through their trailing behaviour. This connection isn’t as essential in tracking since the dog’s job is to stay focused on the precise path laid out for them. But in Mantrailing, the handler needs to trust the dog and go with their lead, relying on their dog’s incredible nose to do the detective work! To this day it is not scientifically proven, what human scent released into the environment contribute to successful searches of individuals. It's only scientifically proven that a dog can identify DNA .

Dogs have been working alongside humans for thousands of years, helping with various tasks. The story of the St. Bernard dogs goes way back to the 17th century when monks at the Hospiz auf dem Grossen Sankt Bernhard (Switzerland) started breeding their own dogs. Initially, these dogs were used to help find tracks buried in snow that led back to the monastery. But over time, they became famous for their role in rescuing lost people. One dog in particular, named "Barry," saved 40 people’s lives between 1800 and 1812, guiding them back to safety at the monastery. Fast forward to the late 1800s, when the military started getting interested in dogs for more specific tasks. In 1885, the German military began looking into using dogs to carry ammunition and alert troops to intruders. Around the same time, Jean Bungartz, a painter and animal trainer, started developing training programs to use dogs to find wounded soldiers. In 1890, he founded the “Deutschen Verein für Sanitätshunde” (German Association for Medical Dogs), and private individuals began training dogs for the military, with costs covered by the army. By 1903, the German military had released a book called Anleitung zur Dressur und Verwendung des Sanitätshundes  ("How to Train and Use a Medical Dog"), which included a picture of Bungartz himself. However, by 1911, the military stopped supporting the use of medical dogs altogether. But when World War I broke out, the use of these dogs started up again, and within a few years, more than 4,000 medical dogs were in service. By the end of the war, over 30,000 dogs had been used, though only about 10% of them made it back to their owners. Training methods evolved during the war, and interest in keeping "medical dogs" grew, especially in Germany, where the general perception of the dog as a working animal began to shift. But the training was still primarily handled by the military. In 1940, Ferdinand Schmutz became the first person to systematically train avalanche rescue dogs. During World War II, the need for working dogs grew even more. Over 200,000 dogs were used across various fronts, with 25,000 dying on the German front alone. At one point, even family pets were taken from their owners to be used in military service. By the end of the war, there were two main types of working dogs: air-scenting dogs to find wounded soldiers and avalanche rescue dogs. During the final years of World War II, rubble search dogs were developed after several instances of dogs finding people trapped under the rubble of bombed buildings. A few dogs even helped rescue over 35 people in these situations. After the war, the idea of rubble search dogs spread to other countries, and by 1968 in Switzerland, disaster dogs were officially trained for search and rescue. In 1972, the Schweizerische Verein für Katastrophenhunde  (Swiss Association for Disaster Dogs) published a guide on how to train these dogs. As public awareness grew, especially following major earthquakes in Italy (1967), Romania (1977), and Algeria (1980), trust in these dogs as life-saving tools skyrocketed. However, in Germany, there was still some scepticism about the effectiveness of dogs in disaster scenarios. The government leaned more towards investing in technology, and it was largely private individuals who kept the training of search and rescue dogs alive. By the late 20th century, responsibility for disaster response lay with individual countries, and search and rescue teams were either part of fire stations or formed independently. In Germany, the Bundesverband für das Rettungshundewesen e.V.  (Federal Association for Rescue Dogs) was founded as a regulating body for search and rescue teams. The first Mantrailer to be used for police work in Germany was a Belgian Malinois in 2004. Mantrailing as a tool for law enforcement is relatively new, but it’s starting to gain recognition. At Mantrailing Global we focus on Mantrailing for fun. Although we have adapted our method from operational techniques, we have tailored them to suit pet dogs and their owners in order to enjoy as a recreational activity to do together. We simulate a 'missing person' by safely hiding somebody out on a trail for the dog to find. None of our Instructors or clients are trained to conduct real-life searches unless they are officially certified by a recognized authority.

Elaine and Tequila are part of the Mantrailing UK team. They have been trailing for about 1 year. This is Tequila´s story, told by Elaine. Back in 2014 I was contacted by a rescue to ask if I would foster a Dobermann bitch that was possibly pregnant, of course I said yes. Tequila arrived one wet dark night in November confused, scared and for the first few hours wanted to kill Kazo! She soon realised Kazo (Dobermann brother) was no threat to her and in fact she could twist him around her paw at any time. A scan revealed she was pregnant and on 13th/14th December she gave birth to 14 puppies all fit and healthy and responsibly rehomed to excellent homes by rescue. She proved to be an excellent mum and Kazo made a great uncle. Not long after her arrival it soon became apparent that Tequila had many issues. She was extremely dog reactive and seemed to have a great fear of being outside. She would get a few yards down the road and simply shut down, lying down shaking and refusing to go any further. Strange dogs really scare her and she can be extremely reactive, but with a lot of work we have managed to get her threshold down a lot. The major breakthrough with Tequila came when she started Mantrailing. She is very bright and a thinker and it didn’t take her long to ‘get the game’. It is so lovely to see her confidence come on in leaps and bounds and she will now even trail past a dog within a few feet to find the missing person without any reaction. I cannot recommend this activity enough for reactive dogs! Thank you to Elaine for continuously stepping in for this breed, advocating for healthy breeding and for helping people with reactive dogs and never giving up!

Why is the Trail Layer’s role so important? Well, the Trail Layer is a key part of your training team! You need to be able to rely on them 100%. Whether you're doing blue-line training (where the dog handler knows where the trail layer hides) or double blinds (where no one knows where the trail layer is), the trail layer should always act sensibly and in line with the training level of the team. A good Trail Layer understands how to reward the dog because they’ve taken the time to understand the dog’s training needs before they lay the trail. They always follow the instructions given by the dog handler and instructor. If anything is unclear, they should ask! They should also be ready with a scent article and know how to retrieve one if needed. It’s important not to “test” the dog. Just because the dog is skilled doesn’t mean you can throw the plan out the window—stick to the plan you made with your team! Messing with the plan could really mess up someone's training. Here’s what a trail layer should make sure to do: Communication is key! Keep everyone safe—don’t put the team in danger. Know how to reward the dog and always bring the reward with you. Leave a scent article behind. Know exactly where you're going—don’t test the dog handler team! Lay the trail based on the dog handler’s level of training and instructors guidance. Be comfortable using the radio—don’t hesitate to use it if needed. Bring a drink to stay hydrated (and maybe a snack or book if it’s going to be a long session). If anything is unclear, ask! Basically, as a Trail Layer, you’re the key to a successful trail. You're helping to make sure the whole training process runs smoothly and safely, so communication and preparation are super important!

This is the story about one of our Mantrailing-Teams, that go through thick and thin together! Here's their story. Tinas story began with her life as a working Guide Dog. This career was not the one for her despite 2 years work it was decided to discontinue. Yes, she was sacked. She needed a home and we were looking for a Retriever as she was a Golden x Flat Coat Ret, her new home became our home. After a few weeks of being unsure about her, a shaky start, we bonded well. So Agility classes began, with Obedience added. Tina did most of this well not everything with enthusiasm... Still needing more to do, someone suggested Gun dog Scurry. So this began late 2016. She took to this easily surprising really as her previous career was the opposite. Her enthusiasm overflowed when seeing a flying dummy, holding her back was impossible. She even won a few rosettes in the club shows. We also registered her as a PAT dog and enjoyed visiting care homes and schools. We met Lisa around this time, who suggested Mantrailing. This proved to be something she loved almost immediately. Sadly in April 2017 she began to limp. Vet visits to Langford Vet Hospital and specialists throughout the summer, it was found that Tina had a tumour in the nerve of the left shoulder. The only option was to remove the left front leg including her shoulder and 2 ribs to get this tumour out. After only 6 weeks of recovery and adjustment to her life, Tina was back at Mantrailing - and she loved it! She hadn´t forgotten any of her skills. Mantrailing has given Tina and me an ideal outdoor pastime with her back to work again, and the variety of challenges keep me on my toes as well. " We'd like to say a huge thank you to Jo for always being by Tina´s side and never giving up on her!

Mantrailers are used all over the world by military forces, search and rescue teams, and the police. These dogs are specially trained to gather information and find missing people by following a specific scent provided by their handler. They’re scent-specific, meaning they track a particular scent trail, helping to determine or rule out a direction of travel. If the scent trail leads nowhere, or if the person has never been in that location, the dog will indicate a Negative Scent Identification (NSI)—this is part of their training. Mantrailers can also tell if someone has been picked up by a vehicle and even pinpoint where that happened. They can track things like clothes, backpacks, or other personal items connected to the missing person. Often, Mantrailers work as part of a bigger team: while they give a direction of travel, air-scenting dogs can help by searching nearby areas for human scent. However, in the UK, anything found or provided by a Search and Rescue dog can't be used as evidence in court. Here's a Mantrailing success story to check out: Successful Find: 16th July 2018 The Pine Creek K-9 Search Unit was called to help find a missing 9-year-old girl in Brookville, PA. K-9 Benji and his handler, AJ Moore, were the first to arrive on the scene and began searching right away. Benji quickly led AJ and the search team straight to the girl, who was safe and unharmed despite the approaching storm and being scared. The search involved over 50 people, including the local fire departments and volunteer groups. AJ Moore and K-9 Benji train using "The Kocher Method" and are certified yearly through INBTI. Read the news article here . At Mantrailing Global  we focus on Mantrailing for fun. Although we have adapted our method from operational techniques, we have tailored them to suit pet dogs and their owners in order to enjoy as a recreational activity to do together. We simulate a 'missing person' by safely hiding somebody out on a trail for the dog to find. None of our Instructors or clients are trained to conduct real-life searches unless they are officially certified by a recognized authority.

It’s frustrating, we get it! And honestly, no one can just wave a magic wand to make that feeling go away—not even your dog. So, here’s the deal: you have a choice to make, and really, it boils down to two options. You can keep sulking, blaming your dog (or others) for the setback, and miss out on the training opportunities that could actually help you both move forward. Or, you can get help. Yeah, admitting you’ve hit a wall isn’t easy, but dog training is a team effort, and the good news is, you get to pick who’s on your team. So, reach out, ask questions, and add some new tools to your toolkit to tackle the problem. It’s super annoying when your dog decides that the "pee-post," the butterfly, that random blade of grass, the other dogs, the leaves blowing around, or even the cat under the car (who you didn’t even know was there) is WAY more interesting than the person who’s been out hiding for an hour in the freezing cold. It can be downright embarrassing. BUT—when you finally crack it and your dog starts ignoring all the distractions—the pee-post, the butterfly, the grass, the leaves, the cat—you’ll feel AM-AZ-ING!! It doesn’t matter if you’re doing Mantrailing, IGP, Agility, Flyball, Treibball, Obedience, Dog Dancing, or even just training your puppy to be a good dog. It’s all dog training. So, what choice will you make?

We’re thrilled to share that the Mantrailing Global Instructor Course is CPD (Continuing Professional Development) certified! This means that our instructor course has been externally reviewed and verified by an independent organization, guaranteeing that it meets the highest training standards. For both current and future instructors, this shows our commitment to offering top-quality training. If you're interested in becoming a Mantrailing Global Instructor, we'd love to hear from you. Drop us an email at info@mantrailingglobal.com  for more details. You can also check out our CPD accreditation on their website by following this link: CPD Directory - Mantrailing UK .

Iti was going to be a “dancing dog!” She was going to dance in the main ring at Crufts. She had been in 5 Heelwork to Music competitions and had been placed in the top 4 each time, but I wasn't happy. Iti just wasn't enjoying herself. She was doing it for me, not for herself, there was no enthusiasm. So I pulled out of competitions. My other Jack Russell, Freyja, was not into the dancing malarkey at all, so I began looking for something for Freyja to do. I saw a Mantrailing introduction course advertised on social media, and taking place in the Forest of Dean, so I booked Freyja on it. There was a spot left so I asked if I could book Iti on the course too. Luckily Lisa said yes, so Iti got her first taste of Mantrailing. Iti has always found it difficult to figure out how to cope with strange situations, and Mantrailing was no different, and if she didn't know what to do, she'd come back to me for help! Slowly she learned to cope. Trail 1 – Loose dogs appearing after the trail layer had set off..... Iti waited patiently and did a faultless trail. Trail 2 – a contaminated article..... not normally an issue because one of the other people was present at the trail start, so the dogs had been able to eliminate them straight away. This time both people were away from the start, so Iti, rightly, indicated beautifully on the first person. No reward and a wrong person indication, and Iti would normally have gone to pieces - not this time. She got up, carried on and found the correct person! As if that wasn't enough....... Trail 3 - Just as she was about to make a right turn, a man put a screaming baby in a backpack down right on her trail and in a place where she couldn't get past! Iti took herself away from the baby and sniffed a blade of grass until the man had sorted baby and had gone, and then she picked up the trail again and carried on as though nothing had happened I was over the moon with her. Her confidence had improved so much! The final confirmation that her confidence had grown so much, came the weekend before New Year. A friends rescued Jack Russell (who'd been in his new home less than 24 hours) slipped his harness and disappeared! I offered the girls help if needed, even though they'd never trailed an animal before, and 3 days after he went, we were asked to help. We went to the place he was last seen and I decided to ask Iti to trail first. She found the scent and set off with drive and focus, the scent trail was over 24 hours old! After a mile or so she wanted to go up the side of a very steep hill with bracken and scrub for very thick ground cover. Her body language said plainly the trail goes up there, but I’m not going through that!! Our next stop was where the car had been parked when the dog had run off. The owner wanted to know if the dog had tried to return to the car. Iti worked the entire area, which amounted to about 10 no scent indications. Not many weeks previously either event would have really upset her and caused her to give up. But she had enough confidence to cope with not finding her quarry! It is wonderful to watch her working out a new problem by herself with confidence! And to think, Iti only got into Mantrailing because someone pulled out of the introductory course! Written by Steph Randall (Iti´s owner)

In March 2015, about a year before I was due to retire, a picture of a Border Collie popped up on my Facebook newsfeed ‘Free to a Good Home'. Heart breaking. I tagged my husband into the post not really expecting any response. However, whilst I was in work, he arranged to meet the dog that evening. She stole my heart the minute I saw her. She was so excited to see us and squirmed her way onto our laps one at a time. The story was that she was born on a farm from working stock, but got kicked by a horse and was deemed unsuitable to work. The lady who had her took her from the farmer on NYE having lost a Border Collie some time ago. Bonnie was about 4 months old at this point. Then, due to a change in personal circumstances, this lady found herself back in full time employment and Bonnie was home alone for about 12hrs a day. After a long chat and many tears, we left for home with Bonnie clinging to my lap, trembling and dribbling not knowing what was happening. That night my husband slept downstairs with her. The following morning, I took her for a walk before I went to work and got a glimpse of her true persona. It took ten minutes to walk less than 50 metres as she lunged and swung on her lead accompanied by high pitched yelling, with me hanging on for dear life. My street is like catworld and Bonnie has a pathological hatred of felines. Later that day she scaled the 6ft perimeter garden fence in pursuit of a cat across the back and it took an hour to retrieve her. We had been told that her recall was variable but it appeared it was non existent. During the first week Bonnie went over the wrought iron garden gate and slipped her collar whilst chasing cats. Each time it took ages to get her back. The first time we took her out in the car we discovered her hatred of wheels and in particular bicycles (now also known as devils´ device). Although secured by a harness on the back seat, she would scream and tell at the mere sight of a bicycle and lunge around trying to get at it. Car journeys were a nightmare; walks were a nightmare. She appeared to have so many triggers and such a high prey drive that taking her out became a constant battle trying to control her hysterical behaviour whilst keeping her and me safe. During our time at ActionPetz we started agility training in the hope it would give Bonnie some focus and although she was quite good when she put her mind to it, she was impatient and vocal waiting for her turn and would then jump out of the enclosed area into the dog park and refuse to come back. It was whilst agility training that I first met Lisa. ActionPetz Cardiff then closed. However, a friend from agility training put a post on Facebook about doing a Mantrailing introduction course so I contacted Lisa and made some enquiries. I was concerned that Bonnie's reactivity to so many stimuli would make her an unsuitable candidate for Mantrailing but Lisa encouraged us to have a go. On our Mantrailing introduction course it was evident from the outset that Bonnie ‘got the game. For me it was joyous. Here was a dog who had absolutely no interaction with me on a walk apart from the constant battle to do her own thing, transformed into a focused, attentive collie. That was April 2017. Since then we have regularly attended Mantrailing training two or three times a week. Bonnie has grown in confidence and her ability never ceases to amaze me. She is wiley enough to find the shortest trail distance to make her find and is learning to cope with things she finds overwhelming. She still reacts to bicycles and other triggers when trailing but is quick to come back to the job in hand. She has on occasion been so focussed that she has trailed past bikes in close proximity. Mantrailing has given me a bond with Bonnie which I had come to believe was impossible. Whereas my walks always result in a fight with her over something, Mantrailing is nothing but a positive experience from start to finish. She succeeds and gets praise always. My girl loves it and gets excited from the minute I start preparing the Mantrailing bag. When we are on a trail she interacts with me eager to show me the way. Our training sessions are a bit of a social event where we get to meet like-minded people, who may also have dogs with issues. From feeling isolated and despondent I now feel supported and hopeful. Lisa Gorenflo, Founder and Head Instructor at Mantrailing UK has a wealth of knowledge about this sport for pet dogs which she imparts with a relaxed, easy style and ensures the training sessions are varied and fun. We get to train in some amazing places some of which are themselves a challenge to find. We have even trailed in a busy city centre with so many distractions (bikes, push chairs, skateboards and, of course, people). Bonnie and I are grateful for the support we have received over the past eighteen months and would recommend Mantrailing as a great way to have fun and bond with your dog and keep fit in the process. There is no doubt in my mind that Bonnie has benefited hugely from Mantrailing and has been able to relieve some of her frustration by just having a job and as such Mantrailing has probably saved my sanity. Written by Denise

GL Potts is an experienced dog handler from Texas. His dogs have been assisting successfully in searches for criminals and missing people. We have interviewed him, to find out more. Tell us a little bit about you. GL Potts is an Independent K9 Handler, and former Texas Peace Officer in the Dallas Fort Worth Area, and a member of the American Bloodhound Club. He responds to missing person situations for more than a dozen local and federal police agencies. This is all done free of charge as a form of his witness to God and community service. Set up through the court system his dogs are trained with kids that have got in trouble and need to perform community service hours. By working with the dogs these kids learn such life skills as responsibility, communication and respect for others. What are your dog’s achievements in real life cases? The dogs currently utilized are two Bloodhounds, Journey and Reign to young dogs that have quickly shown they have the relentless personality and determination that are required in being superior mantrailing dogs. Both are high drive working dogs, and both dogs use their nose to follow the scent of a specific individual. Mantrailing is the best game for them to use their high powered nose and intense work ethic. They have also been known to visit local schools and symposiums to discuss the use of bloodhounds and what one should do if they get lost or separated. 2018 was a hard year as three working dogs all passed and were in need of replacing. K9 Storm, Radar, and Hogan all three former Certified Trailing Dogs passed away due to various issues. With a need to get other working dogs up to speed K9 Reign was purchased and started her training at 8 weeks of age. K9 Journey only 8 months old herself was quickly brought up to speed as her training efforts were put into high pace. K9 Journey is now ready for work and K9 Reign not far behind. Over the past few years GL and his dogs have assisted in the searches for several different fugitives and missing persons. In February 2013 they assisted Miami Dade and Grapevine PD in the Search for escapee Albert Morales. This person assaulted a transport officer and escaped into the community. In April 2013 GL and his dogs helped the US Marshall Service in the hunt for escaped inmate Donald Greenlee. Again in October 2013 he assisted the Parker County Sherriff for fugitive Winfred Watson, an individual that that been in a shootout with a local sheriff. 2014 and 2015 saw a much larger increase in work for runaways and missing persons for the Fort Worth Police Department, Burleson PD and Cleburne PD. 2016 had such successful searches as a FT Worth case for a missing elderly women who wondered off from her home in 104 degree temperatures. This case resulted in a walk up find by K9 Hogan. Another search involved K9 Hogan and Strom in the search for a missing child in downtown Ft Worth. This child was abducted from her home. K9s located a direction of travel and the child soon located less than 300 yards from the spot where the dogs lost scent. 2017 K9 Strom made a find of a missing murder weapon for the Parker County Sheriff’s Office and then minutes later she would have a walk up find on a call out with the Weatherford PD for a car thief that wrecked the car and ran off from the location. Why do you think a good training/support team is so important? Team training does not really exist as GL is an independent handler. The use of Community Service workers and the dedication to teaching them the requirements to assist in working with the dogs does however provide a group atmosphere that can result in success. The more people are willing to assist and provide positive input the better chance of having a solid training environment. How often do you train per week? With a young puppy 5-6 days a week averaging around 5-10 minutes in length. Older dogs train 34 times a week. Seasons Dogs 2-3 times a week. Training will vary from motivational runaways to varied blind aged trails. Thank you for your service GL Potts and K9´s!